To think of the body strictly as a physical device is an incomplete understanding of what it is and how it works. Imagine, for example, that researchers from an alien civilization in a parallel dimension are investigating human computers from this dimension. Their dimension interacts with ours in such a way that they could perceive all of the electrical components in the hardware of a computer, but they could not see the computer screen or the humans actually using the computer (this would be some dimensional anomaly that they encounter). They might look at one component “communicating” with another component via some wires on the motherboard. The electrical current traveling through the wires would appear totally random and chaotic, as if everything was purely a matter of chance.
As these beings’ mastery of the laws of physics in their parallel dimension increased, their “technology” by which to look at the inner workings of the computer would also improve. So, they could understand in more detail what happens within the hardware when, say, a human opens a file of a cat photo from the desktop. The photo is a collection of numbers that tell the microscopic lights on the computer screen how brightly to shine. Of course, they wouldn’t know this. But, with more technology, they would observe that the wires on an electrical component that we would call “the bus” are communicating with various other components—the long-term memory or the “hard drive,” the short-term memory, also known as “the RAM”, and the CPU, which performs mathematical calculations and logical operations. They may realize that the wires frequently shift between being either “on” (current is flowing through them) or “off” (current is not flowing with them). This is why computer language is binary—1s and 0s. The only thing that a computer really understands is, “is the wire ON or OFF?” These alien beings would still have no idea that humans in another dimension are using the binary as code by which to give the computer instructions.
As these highly curious alien beings become even more technologically adept, they might be able to see what is going on inside of the CPU at the nanoscale as it is running in real-time. At this scale, they would see billions of extremely tiny ON/OFF switches (these switches are called “transistors” and they are made out of silicon, hence the name “Silicon Valley”). They would observe that these ON/OFF switches are changing states extremely rapidly, billions of times a second (this is known in computer science as a “clock cycle”). They would probably be able to piece together that these transistors are performing logical operations—such as addition, true/false tests, etc.—yet their knowledge of the machine is still incomplete, as they do not have any way of perceiving what the humans in the other dimension are actually doing.
Imagine being one of these beings and not knowing that this is a computer being used by a human from a parallel dimension. These other dimensional beings only have access to hardware. At this point, they would come up with multiple hypotheses about what the CPU is doing. Many of these hypotheses will be false and a lot of time will have been wasted disproving false hypotheses. Sure, they may be able to completely explain simple processes like adding numbers. Yet, even with a full comprehension of all of the computer’s hardware—down to the details of what each transistor is doing every picosecond—it would still be enormously difficult, maybe even impossible, to understand—from that purely physical vantage point—what the computer is doing when somebody is playing a video game or running an advanced simulation.
And then imagine that one day, one of the more “hippy-dippy,” slightly schizoid members of this other dimensional alien civilization decided to do some intense meditation (or whatever their version of meditation is in that parallel dimension). This slightly schizoid being just lets his mind wander from visionary scene to visionary scene, from dream to dream. And in this meditation, he sees one of their species playing a video game and using their species equivalent to a computer. This slightly schizoid being then becomes open to the idea that this is just a computer in another dimension, only the laws of geometry in their dimension are different from ours and therefore they can’t make sense of what is on the screen. He shares this idea with other members of his society, who then scoff at him. The elites of his civilization ridicule him as a conspiracy theorist, and it doesn’t help that his openness to different ways of thinking has led him to believe that the world is a sphere (it’s actually flat in their dimension), and therefore all of his insights are dismissed, even though some are correct.
The computer, as shown in this hypothetical scenario, is fundamentally an idea, and the idea of the computer exists independently of the physical matter which gives the idea its physical form. Ideas exist independently of the laws of space and time. That the computer is an idea is why companies like Apple or Intel can produce millions of identical computers, each of which are physical manifestations of the same idea that is the computer.
Understanding the arrangement of physical matter in a single computer does not necessarily mean that an understanding of the idea of the computer has been accomplished. Although, understanding the arrangement of physical matter will certainly help deepen one’s comprehension of the idea that is the computer. The reverse is also true: understanding the physical matter of the computer is made infinitely easier by understanding the idea of the computer first.
This analogy shows what is like to understand the body strictly by its physical, molecular structure without incorporating and understanding of the mind. But this analogy applies even more to the body than it does to a computer, because the computer’s hardware is completely unaffected by the software it runs.